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\u73fe\u8077\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5546\u5b78\u9662\u526f\u9662\u9577 \u00a0 \u51fa\u751f\uff1a\u5ee3\u6771\u53f0\u5c71\u4eba \u00a0 \u5bb6\u5ead\uff1a \u2027\u7236\u89aa\u662f\u5167\u5730\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u751f\uff0c\u6bcd\u89aa\u662f\u79c1\u5bb6\u770b\u8b77\uff0c\u65bc50\u5e74\u4ee3\u79fb\u6c11\u9999\u6e2f\u3002 \u2027\u4e00\u5bb6\u5b9a\u5c45\u9999\u6e2f\u5f8c\uff0c\u7236\u89aa\u5728\u51fa\u5165\u53e3\u516c\u53f8\u7576\u6563\u5de5\uff0c\u6bcf\u6708\u4eba\u5de560\u5143\uff0c\u6bcd\u89aa\u7576\u79c1\u5bb6\u770b\u8b77\uff0c\u6bcf\u6708\u4eba\u5de5100\u591a\u5143\u3002 \u2027\u5df2\u5a5a\uff0c\u5152\u5b50\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u4fee\u8b80\u5e79\u7d30\u80de\u53ca\u795e\u7d93\u535a\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u73fe\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u767c\u5c55\u3002 \u00a0 \u5b78\u6b77\uff1a \u2027\u6771\u83ef\u4e09\u9662\u6e2f\u5cf6\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c0f\u5b78\u7562\u696d \u2027\u9999\u6e2f\u83ef\u4ec1\u66f8\u9662\u7562\u696d \u2027\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5b78\u58eb \u2027\u660e\u5c3c\u8607\u9054\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u535a\u58eb \u00a0 \u5de5\u4f5c\u6b77\u7a0b\uff1a \u20271987\u5e74\uff0c\u5927\u9023\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u5de5\u696d\u79d1\u6280\u7ba1\u7406\u5168\u570b\u57f9\u8a13\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7f8e\u65b9\u6559\u5b78\u5718\u6210\u54e1\u3002 \u20271991\u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u9999\u6e2f\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b78 \u20271991\u5e74\u7372\u7f8e\u570b\u7d10\u7d04\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b78\u7d93\u6fdf\u7cfb\u7d42\u8eab\u6559\u8077\u3002 \u20271999\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8a2a\u554f\u5b78\u8005\u3002 \u20272004\u5e74\u81f32005\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u734e\u8a55\u9078\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u59d4\u54e1\u3002 \u20272004\u5e74\u81f32006\u5e74Beta Gamma Sigma \u79d1\u5927\u5206\u6703\u4e3b\u5e2d() \u20272006\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u4e2d\u570b\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8a2a\u554f\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3002 \u00a0 \u5176\u4ed6\u8077\u52d9\uff1a \u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6703\u6703\u54e1\u3001\u8a08\u91cf\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6703\u6703\u54e1\u3001\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6703\uff08\u570b\u5916\uff09\u6703\u54e1\u300127\u4efd\u570b\u969b\u5c08\u696d\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5831\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u3001\u5317\u7f8e\u5dde\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6703\u6703\u54e1\u3001\u528d\u6a4b\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u5927\u5b78\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u7814\u7a76\u8cc7\u52a9\u5c40\u8a55\u5be9\u4eba\u3001\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b78\u300a\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u672c\u5b78\u5831\u300b\uff08Journal of Human Capital\uff09\u7de8\u8f2f\u3001\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u7d93\u6fdf\u8a55\u8ad6\u300b\uff08Pacific Economic Review\uff09\u7de8\u8f2f\u9867\u554f\u3001\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u4e2d\u570b\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5ba2\u5ea7\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3001\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u89c0\u5bdf\u300b\u7de8\u8f2f\u59d4\u54e1\u3001\u9ad8\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5b78\u8853\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u59d4\u54e1\u3002 \u00a0 \u516c\u8077\uff1a \u6276\u8ca7\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u3001\u9577\u9060\u8ca1\u653f\u8a08\u5283\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u7d44\u6210\u54e1 \u00a0 \u69ae\u8b7d\uff1a \u20271999\u5e74\u7372\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c46\u5168\u7403\u5091\u51fa\u83ef\u4eba\u66a8\u4e2d\u83ef\u6587\u5b78\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u91d1\u9f8d\u734e \u20272008\u5e74\u7372\u9999\u6e2f\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b78\u5546\u5b78\u9662Franklin\u5091\u51fa\u6559\u5b78\u734e \u00a0 \u8457\u4f5c\uff1a \u2027\u5b78\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u5728\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5831\u300b\uff08Journal of Political 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2015","format":false,"excerpt":"\u8eab\u4efd\uff1a\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u570b\u52d9\u9662\u767c\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u91d1\u878d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u526f\u6240\u9577 \u51fa\u751f\uff1a1969\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u6e56\u5317\u4eba\u3002 \u5b78\u6b77\uff1a .1987\u5e74\u81f31994\u5e74\uff1a\u5c31\u8b80\u83ef\u4e2d\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b78\uff08\u539f\u83ef\u4e2d\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b78\uff09\uff0c\u5148\u5f8c\u7372\u5f97\u5b78\u58eb\u548c\u78a9\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d \u3002 .1996\u5e74\u81f31999\u5e74\uff1a\u5c31\u8b80\u65bc\u4e2d\u592e\u8ca1\u7d93\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\u3002 .2001\u5e747\u6708\u81f32003\u5e746\u6708\uff1a\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u535a\u58eb\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u7c21\u6b77\uff1a 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